A person’s temper is a measure of his or her ability to remain calm when experiencing any kind of difficulty. A person who gets mad easily has a bad temper. To have a temper is considered to be a negative personality trait. This word is a noun. (You would never say that a person has a good temper.)
Our supervisor has a bad temper. He gets angry at the smallest problems.
What a temper!
He has to learn to control his temper.
Reggie has quite a temper. Be careful around him.
Isabel threw a temper tantrum. She lay on the floor of the store and cried until her mother picked her up. (Temper tantrums are common among children but adults have them, too. A temper tantrum is an expression of anger and a loss of self control.)
A woman going through the drive-thru at McDonalds had a temper tantrum because she was unable to get an order of chicken McNuggets.
People who work at call centers occasionally have to deal with customers who throw temper tantrums over the phone.
The word "temperament" is also a noun. We use this word when talking about a person’s general behavior. In this case, you can say that a person has a good temperament.
Everyone feels that Bob has the right temperament to be a good doctor.
Janice lacks the temperament that her job requires.
Our dog has a good temperament. She behaves well. She’s quiet, and she doesn’t bite.